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Carduus crispus L.

Flora Europaea the original Linnean specimen biennal, T a mesic-mesohygrophyle species from tall forb vegetation of the riparian forests which easily gets involved in the tall ruderal vegetation western Palearctic Galio-Urticetea, Senecion fluviatilis, Alnion incanae, Artemisietea R87, R44 habitats       A typical tall forb riparian species which quite frequently turns into a nitrophile ruderal, due to the similar high nutrient contents of the soils in both categories of habitats. Pictures from Cheile Tureni natural reservation area, taken in July 2005 dr. Alexandru Badarau, alexandru@transsilvanica.com